Document 1838
 DOCN  M94A1838
 TI    Diagnosis of HIV-1 infection with whole saliva.
 DT    9412
 AU    Ishikawa E; Ishikawa S; Hashida S; Hashinaka K; Saitoh A; Shinagawa H;
       Takamizawa A; Oka S; Shimada K; Department of Biochemistry, Miyazaki Med
       College, Japan.
 SO    Int Conf AIDS. 1994 Aug 7-12;10(1):44 (abstract no. 149B). Unique
       Identifier : AIDSLINE ICA10/94370737
 AB    OBJECTIVE: To develop and test an enzyme immunoassay for diagnosis of
       HIV-1 infection by detection of anti-HIV-1 IgG in whole saliva. METHOD:
       An ultrasensitive enzyme immunoassay (immune complex transfer enzyme
       immunoassay) using recombinant reverse transcriptase (R-RT) as antigen
       was developed. The immune complex consisting of 2,4-dinitrophenyl
       (DNP)-bovine serum albumin-R-RT conjugate, anti-HIV-1 IgG and
       R-RT-beta-D-galactosidase (GAL) conjugate was trapped onto anti-DNP
       IgG-coated polystyrene balls (PS), eluted with DNP-L-lysine and
       transferred to (anti-hIgG gamma-chain) IgG-coated PS. GAL activity was
       assayed by fluorometry. RESULTS: Using as little as one microliter of
       whole saliva collected by simple spitting without stimulation, the
       lowest signals among 45 asymptomatic carriers, 8 patients with
       AIDS-related complex and 10 patients with AIDS were 38-, 78- and 3-fold,
       respectively, higher than the highest signal among 76 medical students.
       Signals for seropositives were proportionally enhanced by increasing the
       sample volume up to 100 microliters without significant enhancement of
       signals for medical students. Anti-HIV-1 IgG in whole saliva was stable
       at -20 degrees C for at least 3.5 months. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS:
       Whole saliva samples containing extremely low levels of anti-HIV-1 RT
       IgG, even approximately 2000-fold lower than the lowest level among the
       asymptomatic carriers, were expected to be discriminated from those of
       seronegatives. Consequently, the sensitivity and specificity were
       expected to remain both 100% for a larger number of samples.
 DE    Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/DIAGNOSIS/IMMUNOLOGY  AIDS-Related
       Complex/DIAGNOSIS/IMMUNOLOGY  Human  HIV Antibodies/*ANALYSIS  HIV
       Antigens  HIV Infections/*DIAGNOSIS/IMMUNOLOGY  HIV
       Seronegativity/IMMUNOLOGY  HIV Seropositivity/IMMUNOLOGY
       *HIV-1/ENZYMOLOGY/IMMUNOLOGY  IgG/ANALYSIS  Immunoenzyme
       Techniques/STATISTICS & NUMER DATA  Reverse Transcriptase/IMMUNOLOGY
       Saliva/*IMMUNOLOGY  Sensitivity and Specificity  MEETING ABSTRACT

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).